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on this image for an audio messageUse these web resources to supplement your studies of lecture notes and objectives.
Textbook (sample quizzes, labeling)-select a chapter number in pull down menu.
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The body
NOTE: You should be able to recognize all the assigned bones AND the bones that articulate with those bones.
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There are 206 bones in two divisions.
I. Axial Skeleton: 80 bones
A. Skull: 22 bones
1. Cranium: 8 bones
frontal
two temporals
two parietals
sphenoid
occipital
ethmoid
2. Facial bones: 14
mandible
two nasals
two lacrimals
two zygomatics
two maxillae
(NOTE: the above is not a complete list of bones.)
Five skull bones contain paranasal sinuses ( mucus-lined cavities) frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, two maxillae.Function of sinuses is to warm and moisten and clean air
fontanels = soft spots- fibrous membranes
- sutures not completely ossified at birth
- allow for flexibility at birth
- allows continued brain growth through adolescence.
3. Hyoid bone: only bone that does not articulate with any other bone. suspends
voice box
B. Bony thorax
1) Vertebral Column:
7 cervical (C 1 is the atlas. C 2 is the axis.)
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral fused = sacrum
3-5 coccyxgeal fused = coccyx
Individual cervical, thoracic, and lumbar are separated by intervertebral
discs of fibrocartilage.
2. Sternum
3. Ribs: 12 pairs
a) 7 pairs of true ribs. Attach directly to sternum with hyaline cartilage
pieces known as costal cartilages.
b) 5 pairs of false ribs.
II. Appendicular: 126 bones
A. Pectoral Girdle: 4 bones
Two scapulae
two clavicles.
B. Upper Appendages: numbers are per appendage.
Humerus
Radius – on thumb side
Ulna - on pinky side
8 carpals - wrist
5 metacarpals - hand
14 phalanges – fingers
C. Pelvic Girdle: 6 bones fused = os coxae
Ilium, ischium, pubis.
They meet anteriorly at the pubic symphysis. A piece of fibrocartilage
connects them anteriorly.
D. Lower Appendages: Numbers are for one appendage.
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
7 tarsals – ankle (Calcaneus = the heel.)
5 metatarsals – foot
14 phalanges – toes
Helpful
web link
A
web activity
Another
web activity
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Professor Thomas M. Lancraft
Human Anatomy Courses
at St. Petersburg College
St. Petersburg/Gibbs Campus
9/2008