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MLA Citation Guide
Selected Examples of Bibliographic Citations

Print Sources: Books, Journals, Magazines, Newspapers & Reference
Literary, Pro-Con Series & Other Confusing Sources


Online Sources:
Journal, Magazine & Newspaper Articles in Databases
ERIC
| Internet Sources  | netlibrary


  

Print Sources - Books, Journals, Magazines & Newspapers, & Reference

Book with one author

Wray, Harry. Japanese and American Education: Attitudes and

Practices. Westport: Bergin, 1999.

Book with two or three authors

Margulis, Lynn, and Karlene V. Schwartz. Five Kingdoms: An

Illustrated Guide to the Phyla of Life on Earth. 3rd ed. New York:

Freeman, 1998.

Book with four or more authors

Mcleary, Joseph Webb, et al. By the Numbers: Using Facts and

Figures to Get Your Projects, Plans, and Ideas Approved. New

York: American Management Association, 2000.

Book with an editor (anthology)

Feldman, Paula R., ed. British Women Poets of the Romantic Era.

Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1997.

Book with an author and an editor

Toomer, Jean. The Wayward and the Seeking: A Collection of

Writings by Jean Toomer. Ed. Darwin T. Turner. Washington:

Howard UP, 1980.

Book with an edition and series

Hudson, Rex A. Chile: A Country Study. 3rd ed. Area Handbook

Series. Washington: GPO, 1994.

McHaney, Thomas L., ed. The Southern Renaissance. Literary Topics

6. Detroit: Gale, 1992.

Book with a corporate author

Standards Committee of the American Herbal Products Association.

American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety

Handbook Guidelines for the Safe Use and Labeling for Herbs

in Commerce. Boca Raton: CRC, 1997.

Book with no author

The New York Public Library Student's Desk Reference. New York:

Prentice Hall, 1993.

Running Press Cyclopedia: The Portable, Visual Encyclopedia. 2nd ed.

Philadelphia: Running, 1995.

Component part within another work edited by another individual

Rilke, Ranier Maria. "Buddha in Glory." The Enlightened Heart: An

Anthology of Sacred Poetry. Ed. Stephen Mitchell. New York:

Harper, 1989. 131-35.

Component part within another work edited by another individual with series

Spindler, Michael. "Consumerism in Death of a Salesman." Readings

on Death of a Salesman. Ed. Thomas Siebold. The Greenhaven

Press Literary Companion to American Literature. San Diego:

Greenhaven, 1999. 58-65.

Encyclopedia or familiar reference book (signed)

Creech, James. "Age of Reason." The World Book Encyclopedia.

2000 ed.

Less familiar reference book article (including more information about the book)

Schiffman, Harvey. "The Skin, Body, and Chemical Senses." Companion

Encyclopedia of Psychology. Ed. Andrew M. Colman. 2 vols. New York:

Routledge, 1994.

Journal article, continuous paging

Verona, Edelyn, Christopher J. Patrick, and Alan R. Lang. "A Direct

Assessment of the Role of State and Trait Negative Emotion in

Aggressive Behavior." Journal of Abnormal Psychology 111 (2002):

247-58.

Journal article, pages each issue separately

Hoffman, John P. "The Community Context of Family Structure and

Adolescent Drug Use." Journal of Marriage and Family 64.2 (2002):

314-30.

Journal article with more than three authors

Boyce, W. Thomas, et al. "Temperament, Tympanum, and Temperature."

Child Development 73 (2002): 718-34.

Magazine article

Rees, Matt. "The Terror That Will Not Quit." Time 1 July 2002: 22-25.

Newspaper article, no author

"Fate of Vivendi Chief Pumps Up Pressure on Other CEOs." Wall Street

Journal 3 July 2002, Eastern ed.: A8+.

Newspaper article, with author

Seelye, Katherine Q. "Bush Proposing Policy Changes on Toxic Sites:

Taxpayers Would Bear Most Clean-up Costs." New York Times.

24 Feb. 2002, late national ed.: A1.

ERIC document

Ferguson, Iyla. Building Background Knowledge to Improve Reading

Comprehension Through the Use of Technology. ERIC (ED 454504).

Unpublished Doctoral dissertation

Domenig, Marc. "Word Manager: A System for the Specification, Use and

Maintenance of Morphological Knowledge." Diss. Universitat Zurich,

1989.

Published Doctoral dissertation

McLennan, Joseph W. F. The Career of Edmund J. Gleazer Jr., and His

Contributions to the Community College Movement. Diss. Northern

Illinois, 1982. Ann Arbor: UMI 1982. 8311313.

Government document

United States. Dept. of Justice. Office of Justice Programs. Bureau of

Justice Statistics. Bureau of Justice Statistics Sourcebook of Criminal

Justice Statistics, 1999. Eds. Ann L. Patore and Kathleen Maguire.

Washington, DC: GPO, 2000.

United States. Census Bureau. "No. 696 Full-Time Wage and Salary

Workers - Number and Earnings: 1985 to 1997." Chart. Statistical

Abstract of the United States: 1998. Washington: GPO, 1998: 436.

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Print Sources:  Literary, Pro-Con Series & other Confusing Print Sources

If you're wondering how to cite some of the library's frequently used but unusual sources, the list below should answer your questions. If a source you are using is not included below, consult the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, fifth edition, or ask your instructor.

MULTIVOLUME WORKS

Contemporary Literary Criticism

Tyler, Anne. "Men Will be Boys." New Republic 2 May 1981:  31-2.

Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Jean Stine.

Vol. 25.  Detroit:  Gale, 1991.  318.

 

Short Fiction Criticism

Griffin, Joseph. "Later Stories: 1928-1938." The Small Canvas: An

Introduction to Dreiser's Short Stories. Farleigh Dickinson UP,

1985. 111-27.  Rpt. in Short Fiction Criticism.

 Ed. Anna Sheets. Vol. 30. Detroit: Gale, 1997. 151-159.

 

Dictionary of Literary Biography

Friedman, Susan Stanford. "Hilda Doolittle." Victorian Poets after 1950.

Dictionary of Literary Biography 35. Detroit: Gale, 1985.

 

Masterplots

Moore, Catherine. "Pride and Prejudice [critical evaluation]."

Masterplots.  Ed. Frank Magill. Rev 2nd ed. Vol. 9.

Pasadena:  Salem P, 1996.  5330-5332.


 

Quoting from Short Stories for Students, Poetry for Students, or Drama for Students

  • When citing text not attributed to a particular author, use this format:

"The Death of Ivan Ilych." Short Stories for Students.  Ed. Tim Akers

and Nancy Rosenberger.   Vol. 5.  Detroit:  Gale, 1999. 82-95

  • When quoting from an essay written especially for one of these sources, use this
    format:

Korb, Rena. Essay on "Children of the Sea." Short Stories for Students.

Ed. Kathleen Wilson.  Vol. 1. Detroit:  Gale, 1996. 19-20.

  • When quoting from an essay that was originally published elsewhere and is
    reprinted in one of these sources:

Renner, Stanley. "The Theme of Hidden Powers: Fate vs. Human

Responsibility in 'Guests of the Nation'." Studies in Short Fiction

27 (1990):  371-77.  Rpt. in Short Stories for Students.

Ed. Tim Akers and Nancy Rosenberger.  Vol. 5.  Detroit:

Gale, 1999. 125-141.

Pro/Con

Annual Editions

Christensen, Thomas. "Chinese Realpolitik." Foreign Affairs Sep/Oct 1996.

Rpt. in Annual Editions: Foreign Policy 98/99.

Ed. Glenn Hastedt.  Guilford: Dushkin, 1998.

Current Controversies

VanDyke, Ray, Martha Ann Stallings, and Kenna Colley. "Mainstreaming Can

be Effective." Current Controversies:  The Disabled. Ed. Barbara Stalcrup.

San Diego:  Greenhaven, 1997.  92-9. Rpt. of "How to Build an Inclusive

School Community: A Success Story."  Phi Delta Kappan Feb. 1995.

Information Plus

Endangered Species: Must They Disappear? The Information Series on

Current Topics. Wylie: Information Plus, 1998.

Taking Sides

Sugarmann, Josh. "Reverse Fire." Mother Jones Jan/Feb 1994. Rpt. in

Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues in Health and

Society.  Ed. Eileen Daniel.  Guilford: Dushkin, 2001.


 Online Sources

Make sure to double-space your works cited per MLA guidelines.  New MLA guidelines allow for the following variations:

MLA offers multiple suggestions for providing the URL of a subscription service such as EBSCO or Gale:

  • Provide the URL of specific document.

  • If that is excessively long, the URL of the database service page can be used.

  • If the above is not easily determined, end citation with the date of access.

MLA now allows shortened URLs for database addresses.

  • EBSCO  -  http://www.epnet.com
  • Gale -     http://infotrac.galegroup.com
  • InfoTrac- http://www.infotrac.galegroup.com
  • E*Subscribe-  http://edrs.com/Logon.cfm?
  • JSTOR -    http://jstor.org/search

MLA - former edition:

DATABASES (The last date in the citation for online sources is the date you accessed the information.)

Academic Search Premier - journal article with author

Hartman, Julie. "BeamConnection Designed for Improved Earthquake

Response." Civil Engineering 70.4 (2001): 29. Academic Search

Premier. EBSCOHost. M.M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College.

30 July 2001.
 

Academic Search Premier - magazine article with no author

 "Coffee Addicts at Reduced Risk?" Diabetes Week. 16 Dec. 2002:  17.

Academic Search Premier. EBSCOHost. M.M. Bennett Lib., St.

Petersburg College.
25 January 2003.
 

 

Biography Resource Center

"Tina Brown." Business Leader Profiles for Students. Gale Research,

1999. Biography Resource Center. Gale Group. M.M. Bennett Lib.,

St. Petersburg College. 27 July 2001.


Custom Newspapers (Infotrac/GaleNet)

Warren, Beth. "Domestic Violence Deaths Drop - No Apparent Reason

for 73% Decline." Atlanta Journal - Constitution (GA) 29 July 2001,

Gwinnett Extra: JJ1. Custom Newspapers. InfoTrac. M.M. Bennett

Lib., St. Petersburg College. 2 Aug 2001.

 


 

ERIC

Lee, Patrick.  A First Year Evaluation Study of Integrated Math and Integrated

Science Curriculum Programs in an Inner City High School.

ERIC Document Reproduction Service (ED 415092). 

Note:  MLA does not require document numbers: ERIC recommends them.

FACTS.com

Facts on File (news article)

"International News --Effects of El Nino Seen Across Americans: Other

Developments" Facts on File World News Digest. 1 Dec.  1997:    973 E1. 

Facts.com. M.M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College.  15 Sept. 1998.

 

Issues and Controversies

"Smoking Bans." Issues and Controversies 13 Apr 2001:  FACTS.com

M.M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College.  7 Jan 2003.

 

Groves Dictionary of Art; Groves Dictionary of Music

Toop, David. "Hip Hop," Grove Music Online. M. M. Bennett Lib., St.

 Petersburg College. 9 Dec. 2003.

 

Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition

Nelson, Nancy. "Inhibitors of Angiogenesis Enter Phase III Testing." Journal

of the National Cancer Institute  90.13 (1998): 960-.  Health Source:

Nursing/Academic Edition. EBSCOHost.  M.M. Bennett Lib., St.

Petersburg College. 1 Aug 2001.

 

JSTOR

Georges, J.S.  "Integrated Versus Traditional Mathematics." American

Mathematical Monthly 48.2  (1941):  126-131 JSTOR. M.M. Bennett Lib.,

St. Petersburg College. 1 Aug 2001.

 

Literature Resource Center

Winegarten, Renee. "Victor Hugo: The Dangerous Master." New Criterion

16.10 (1998): 29. Literature Resource Center. Gale Group. M.M. Bennett Lib.,

St. Petersburg College. 25 July 2001.
 

Student Resource Center

Meadows, Michelle. "The Power of Accutane." FDA Consumer March 2001:

18+. Student Resource Center. Gale Group, M.M. Bennett Lib., St.

Petersburg College. 9 Jan 2002.

"Ernest Gaines." Exploring Novels. Gale Research, 1998. Student Resource

Center. Gale Group, M.M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College. 9 Jan

2002.

 

OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS

Journal Article

Engen, Rodney L., Sara Steen, and George S. Bridges.  “Racial Disparities in the

 Punishment of Youth:  a Theoretical and Empirical Assessment of the

 Literature.”  Social Problems 49.2(2002):  194-.  Opposing

 Viewpoints Resource Center
.  Gale Group.  M. M. Bennett Lib., St.

 Petersburg College.  8 Apr. 2003.

 

Magazine Article (no author)

 

“Can They Stay?”  US News & World Report.  11 Nov. 2002: 20.  Opposing

Viewpoints Resource Center.  Gale Group.  M. M. Bennett Lib.,

St. Petersburg College.  8 Apr. 2003.

 

Newspaper Article

 

Savage, David G. “Case for Executing Juveniles Who Kill May be Weakening.” 

Los Angeles Times 30 Aug. 2002:  A1.  Opposing Viewpoints Resource

Center.  Gale Group.  M. M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College.

8 Apr. 2003.         

 

Viewpoint Article

 

Fox, James.  “Both Prevention Programs and Punishment are Needed to Control

           Juvenile Crime.”  Crime.  Ed. Paul A. Winters.  San Diego:  Greenhaven,

1998. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center.  Gale Group.  M. M.

Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College.  9 Apr. 2003.

 

Viewpoint Article With Title Change

 

Information Office of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China. 

“China’s One-Child Policy Does Not Violate Human Rights.” Ed. Denton

Fox. Greenhaven,  1997.    Rpt. Of “Family Planning in China.”

Information Office of the State Council  of the People’s Republic of

China.  Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center.  Gale

          Group.  M.M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College. 14 Apr. 2003.

 

 


Online Books

netLibrary

Hallberg, Bruce A. Using Microsoft Excel 97. Indianapolis, IN: Que, 1997.

netLibrary, M.M. Bennett Lib., St. Petersburg College. 12 Apr. 2001

<http://www.spcollege.edu/central/libonline/resources/index.htm>.

 


INTERNET SOURCES - World Wide Web (For more information, consult http://www.mla.org/)

  • A specific document from a website:

"Nepal Cheers 50 Years on Everest."  CNN.com.  2003.  Cable News Network. 

29 May 2003.

<http://www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/south/05/29/everest.celebrations/index.html>.

 

"Castilian." Si, Spain.  Ed. Jose Felix Barrio.  Vers.3.0.  May 2002.  Embassy of Spain, Ottawa

13 July 2003  <http://www.SiSpain.org/english/language/language/castilia.html>.

 

"Schneider Electric SA." Hoover's Online. 2003.  Hoover's Inc.  10 July 2003

 <http://www.hoovers.com/free/co/factsheet.xhtml?ID=42920>.

 

  • An entire website:

HistoryChannel.com.  2003.  History Channel. 2 July 2003 <http://historychannel.com/>.

 

  • If specific document is not specific to a URL/address:

Provide a path because web site address is not specific to one page.

“This Day in Automotive History: May 29.”  History Channel.com.  2003.  History Channel.

20 May 2003 <http://historychannel.com/>. Path:  This Day in History;

This Day in Automotive History.

 

  • Home page for a course:

Byrd, Gregory.  Creative Writing.  Course Home Page.  Spring 2003.  Communications Department,

St. Petersburg College.  4 Apr. 2003 

<http://www.spcollege.edu/clw/Comm/Byrd_Greg/CRW/2000-Spring2001.htm>.

 

  • Home page for an Academic Department:

Communications Dept. Home page, Tarpon Campus.  St. Petersburg College. 3 July 2003

                <http://www.spcollege.edu/tsc/comm/>.

  

  • Personal home page:

Lancashire, Ian. Home page. 28 March 2002. 15 May 2002  <http://www.chass.utoronto.

ca:8080/~ian/>.

 

  • ERIC Digest

Amundson, Norm.  "A Centric Career Counseling Model." ERIC Digests. 2 Dec. 1997.

U. S. Dept. of Education. 17 June 2003

<http://www.ericfacility.net/databases/ERIC_DIGESTS/d404582.html>.

 

 

  • An Online Newspaper:

St. Petersburg Times Online:

Torbenson, Eric. "Faraway Hurricane Hits Home in Florida." St. Petersburg

Times  3 Sept. 1998. 7 July 2003 <http://www.sptimes.com>

 

 

  • An Online Book:

Ovid. Metamorphoses. Trans.  Samuel Garth, John Dryden, et al.  The Internet Classics Archive.

                Ed. Daniel C. Stevenson.  Oct. 2001.  Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  3 July 2003

                <http://classics.mit.edu/Ovid/metam.html>.
 

  • A part of an online book:

Dunbar, Paul Laurence.  “Discovered.”  Modern American Poetry.  1919.  Bartleby.com:  Great

Books Online.  Ed. Steven van Leeuwen.  2003.  3 July 2003

 <http://www.bartleby.com/104/53/htm>.
 

  • Article in a Periodical published only online:

Ricks, Mary Kay.  “Was Liberia Really Founded by Freed U.S. Slaves?”  Slate  3 July, 2003. 

                4 July 2003   <http://slate.msn.com/id/2085169>.
 

  • Article in a magazine or scholarly journal:

Note:  If part of an archival database (EBSCO, Student Resource Center, etc.), follow directions on Electronic Sources Pathfinder.  If the item is available online independently, follow these examples.

  • Scholarly Journal:

Hamlin, William.  “Elizabeth Cary’s Mariam and the Critique of Pure Reason.”  Early Modern Literary

                Studies  9.1 (2003):  22 pars.  3 July 2003 <http://www.shu.ac.uk/emls/09-1/hamlcary.html>.

 

  • Magazine:

Thomas, Evan.  “The War Over Gay Marriage.”  Newsweek  7 July 2003. 3 July 2003  <http://www.

                msnbc.com/news/932621.asp?>.

 

  • An E-mail Communication:

Hall, Janice.  “Re:  Schedules.”  E-mail to Pat Barbier.  10 June 2003.


Entries should contain as many items from the list below as are relevant and available*.

  1. Name of the author, editor, etc. ([last name, first name] format) followed by any abbreviation, such as ed. or trans.  If there is no author, begin with title.
  • Title of web page (in quotation marks) if part of a larger site; if web site stands alone (such as a personal/professional site or journal title) title is underlined.  If no title use generic – Home page.
     
  •  Date of electronic publication, or latest version, update, etc., or publication information for any print version of the source (if applicable).  Include pagination information (number range or total number of pages, paragraphs, etc.)  if numbered or use n. pag.
     
  • Name of any institution or organization sponsoring or associated with the Web site (if available).
     
  • Date when you, the researcher, accessed the source.
     
  • Electronic address, or URL, of the source (in angle brackets).

    ***Note:  The minimum citation would include title, date of access, and URL.

    Sources:

    *Gibaldi, Joseph.  MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers.  6th ed.  New York: 

              MLA, 2003.    214-15

     Modern Language Association.  <http://www.mal.org>

 


 

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URL of this document is http://www.spcollege.edu/central/libonline/path/mla_master.htm - Last revised 11-Apr-2006