Human anatomy and physiology courses

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Be able to apply the following terms.

ingestion	chemical and mechanical digestion	absorption	defecation
mucosa	submucosa	muscularis	serosa
	saliva	chewing	swallowing
oral cavity	pharynx	esophagus	lower esophageal sphincter
stomach	chief cells-pepsin	parietal cells-gastric acid (HCL)	G-cells-gastrin
goblet cells-mucus	pyloric sphincter	small intestine	villi
absorptive cells	microvilli (brush border)	S cells-secretin	CCK cells-CCK
segmentation	peristalsis	ileocecal valve	large intestine
anal canal	liver	bile	gall bladder
pancreas	acinar cells	bicarbonate	pancreatic lipase
salivary amlyase	pancreatic amylase	brush border disaccharidases
pepsin	trypsin	chymotrypsin	carboxypeptidase
brush border dipeptidases		pancreatic DNA'ase	pancreatic RNA'ase

List and define briefly the major processes occurring during digestive system activity.
Describe the gross and microscopic anatomy and function of each organ and accessory organ of the digestive system.
Describe the tissue composition of the four layers of the alimentary tube wall, and note the general function of each layer.
Compare the "moving" vs "mixing" muscular activities in the digestive system.
Describe structural modifications of the wall of the stomach and small intestine that enhance the digestive and absorptive processes in these organs.
Explain how secretion (liver, stomach, intestine, pancreas) and mobility (stomach, intestine, gall bladder) are regulated. Demonstrate the function of hormones produced by the stomach and small intestine. Use this hormonal negative feedback loop template.
State the roles of water, bile, gastric HCl and bicarbonate in the digestive process.
List the major enzymes involved in chemical digestion; idenitfy their production organ; name the molecules on which they act (substrates) ; and name the intermediate and end products of digestion (for protein, fat, carbohydrate, and nucleic acids).
Describe the mechanisms of absorption of nutrients (end products) that occurs in the small intestine.

Human Anatomy and Physiology Courses
at St. Petersburg College
St. Petersburg/Gibbs Campus

5/2008