FLUID, ELECTROLYTES
AND ACIC-BASE BALANCE
Be able to apply the following terms.
| fluid balance |
pH balance |
intracellular fluid |
extracellular fluid |
| electroltes |
ADH |
aldesterone |
sodium |
| chloride |
potassium |
bicarbonate |
calcium |
| phosphate |
acid |
base |
buffer |
| carbonic acid |
compensation |
respiratory acidosis |
|
| respiratory alkalosis |
metabolic acidosis |
metabolic alkalosis |
|
- Indicate the relative fluid volume and solute composition of the fluid
compartments of the body.
- Contrast the overall osmotic effects of electrolytes and nonelectrolytes.
- List the routes by which water enters and leaves the body.
- Describe the feedback mechanisms that regulate water intake and hormonal
controls of water output in urine.
- Name the three major chemical buffer systems of the body and describe how
they operate to resist pH changes.
- Describe the influence of the respiratory system on acid-base balance.
- Describe how the kidneys regulate hydrogen and bicarbonate ion concentrations
in the blood.
- Distinguish between acidosis and alkalosis resulting from respiratory and
metabolic factors. Describe the importance of respiratory and renal compensations
to acid-base balance.
Professor
Thomas M. Lancraft
Human Anatomy
and Physiology Courses
at St. Petersburg College
St. Petersburg/Gibbs Campus
5/2008