METABOLISM
Be able to apply the following terms.
| ATP |
oxidation |
reduction |
phosphorylation |
| coenzymes (NAD, FAD) |
glycogenolysis |
glucose |
glycolysis |
| Kreb's cycle |
electron transport chain |
glycogenesis |
acetylcoenzyme A |
| glycogen |
pyruvic acid |
reduced coenzymes (NADH, FADH2) |
gluconeogenesis |
| triglycerides |
lipolysis |
beta oxidation |
lipogensis |
| ketone bodies |
deamination |
amino acids |
ammonia |
- Explain how catabolism and anabolism differ.
- Define oxidation and reduction and note the importance of these reactions
in metabolism. Explain the role of coenzymes used in cellular oxidation reactions.
Explain the role of reduced coenzymes in energy transfer.
- Define phosphorylation and descibe the importance of these reactions in
ATP regeneration.
- Follow the oxidation of glucose in body cells. Summarize the important
events and products of the steps of cell respiration: glycolysis; decarboxylation
or production of acetyl coA; Krebs cycle; and, the electron transport chain.
- Describe the process by which glycerol and fatty acids are oxidized for
energy.
- Describe the condition in which ketone bodies are formed and how their
production affects blood pH.
- Describe how amino acids are prepared to be oxidized for energy. Identify
the end producto of de-amination.
- Explain the concept of amino acid or carbohydrate/fat pools and describe
pathways by which substances in these pools can be interconverted.
- Describe the roles that hormones have in regulating metabolic processes
such as glycolysis, glycogenolysis, lipolysis, protein lysis as well as gluconeogenesis,
glycogenesis, lipogenesis. Identify the hormones that stimulate the above
processes.
Professor
Thomas M. Lancraft
Human Anatomy
and Physiology Courses
at St. Petersburg College
St. Petersburg/Gibbs Campus
5/2008